Different journals have different volume and number issuing conventions. If the journal has only, for example, a volume number, then you would just include that number. Note that in Chicago Style, you do not write out "vol." or "volume" for the volume number, but you do write out "no." for the number.
Footnote
#. Author’s firstname lastname, “Title,” Journal Title vol #, no. # (date): page numbers, URL if obtained online.
#. Ethan Doyle White, “The New Cultus of Antinous: Hadrian’s Deified Lover and Contemporary Queer Paganism,” Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions 20, no. 1 (August 2016): 33-36, https://www.jstor.org/stable/26417787.
Shortened footnote
#. Author’s lastname, “Shortened Title,” page numbers.
#. White, “The New Cultus,” 33-36.
Bibliography
Author’s lastname, firstname. “Title.” Journal Title vol #, no. # (date): article page range. URL if obtained online.
White, Ethan Doyle. “The New Cultus of Antinous: Hadrian’s Deified Lover and Contemporary Queer Paganism.” Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions 20, no. 1 (August 2016): 32-59. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26417787.
Footnote
#. Author firstname lastname, “Title,” Newspaper, date, URL if obtained online.
#. Emma Bubola, “Heat Divide Leaves Low-Income Workers Among the Most Vulnerable,” New York Times, July 18, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/18/world/europe/heat-workers-europe-italy.html.
Shortened footnote
#. Author’s lastname, “Shortened Title.”
#. Bubola, “Heat Divide.”
Bibliography
Author lastname, firstname. “Title.” Newspaper, date. URL if obtained online.
Bubola, Emma. “Heat Divide Leaves Low-Income Workers Among the Most Vulnerable.” New York Times, July 18, 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/18/world/europe/heat-workers-europe-italy.html.
Footnote
#. Author’s firstname lastname, “Article title,” Broader Website, date, URL.
#. John Sudworth, “The faces from China's Uyghur detention camps,” BBC, May 2022, https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/extra/85qihtvw6e/the-faces-from-chinas-uyghur-detention-camps?utm_source=digg.
Shortened footnote
#. Author’s lastname, “Shortened title.”
#. Sudworth, “The faces.”
Bibliography
Author’s lastname, firstname. “Article Title.” Broader Website, date. URL.
Sudworth, John. “The faces from China's Uyghur detention camps.” BBC, May 2022. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/extra/85qihtvw6e/the-faces-from-chinas-uyghur-detention-camps?utm_source=digg.
Footnote
#. Reviewer Firstname Lastname, review of Book Title, by book author Journal Tile #, no. # (date): page numbers, URL.
#. Mara E. Donaldson, review of Drawing down the Moon: Witches, Druids, Goddess-Worshippers, and Other Pagans in America Today, by Margot Adler Journal of the American Academy of Religion 50, no. 2 (June 1982): 304, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1463214.
Shortened footnote
#. Reviewer Lastname, review of Shortened Title, page number.
#. Donaldson, review of Drawing down the Moon, 304.
Bibliography
Reviewer Lastname, Firstname. Review of Book Title, by book author. Journal #, no. # (date): page numbers. URL.
Donaldson, Mara E. Review of Drawing down the Moon: Witches, Druids, Goddess-Worshippers, and Other Pagans in America Today, by Margot Adler. Journal of the American Academy of Religion 50, no. 2 (June 1982): 303-304. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1463214.
A bibliographic citation is meant to give the reader all of the information she needs to find and access the source being cited. When citing an article obtained online, that means including the web address, otherwise known as the URL or Uniform Resource Locator. Citing websites can be tricky. While many works on the internet are freely open to anyone, many others are only available to verified users with a login or users who pay to get access to something behind a paywall. If you are citing a source that requires a login or is behind a paywall, you MUST use what is variously called a stable URL or permalink. While a stable URL/permalink will not necessarily give every reader access to the article or content, they will at least be directed to a page that shows that the article is indeed there. If you instead put a non-stable URL, like the URL from the top browser bar, then a reader who types in or click on that link will not be directed to that article.
One specific type of stable URL is a DOI (Digital Object Identifier), a URL which is permanently linked to that object. Anyone making online content can register their content with the DOI organization. DOIs all begin https://www.doi.org or https://doi.org
Many article databases note a stable URL or include a tool for finding one. On JSTOR, a stable URL and DOI can be found on the left side of the page when you click on an article. On EBSCO Academic Search Complete, there is an option for obtaining a permalink at the bottom of the right-hand column; look for the chain-link icon. Click on it and the permalink will appear above the article title.
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